"两代居"住宅设计探讨

随着我国逐渐步入“老龄化”社会,老年人问题日益突出,“两代居”这种中国传统居住模式受到愈来愈多的关注。作者从“两代居”住宅所待解决的问题入手,对“两代居”住宅进行了较详细的分类、整理与分析、比较,并对我国“两代居”设计作出展望。     

Effects of an evoked refreshing consumption context on hedonic responses to apple juice measured using best–worst scaling and the 9-pt hedonic category scale

Awareness of the need to consider a product’s consumption context when measuring consumer hedonic response of a product is increasing among consumer sensory researchers. This study investigated the effects of evoking a consumption context using a written scenario on hedonic response measured using best–worst scaling and the 9-pt hedonic category scale. Hedonic responses for four apple juices with relatively large sensory differences were compared when measured in the evoked context ‘when having something refreshing to drink’ using best–worst hedonic scaling (n = 65) and the 9-pt hedonic scale (n = 48). Best–worst scaling discriminated between the four apple juices when a refreshing context was evoked (p < 0.01), while the juices were equally liked using the 9-point scale (p = 0.41) when the same context was evoked. Consumers perceived best–worst scaling to be more difficult than the 9-pt scale, however there was no difference between the two methods for consumers perceived accuracy of their liking information. The present study highlights that the effect of an evoked context on hedonic response may not be universal for hedonic methods. Further research is needed to understand the effect of evoking context on the liking of products, and to determine whether this measure reflects product liking in an actual consumption context.     

Digital Doppelgängers: Future Scanscapes

Over the course of the last two years, ScanLAB Projects have explored various fragments of the natural and man-made world through the eyes of their forensic measuring machine. From surface mapping of Arctic ice floes in the Fram Strait (gateway to the Arctic) to the documentation of torture and detention sites in the Balkans, via the accidental editing of a Richard Long sculpture, to purposeful acts of detail theft from Foster and Wren. Here, Matthew Shaw and William Trossell discuss the capture, analysis and refabrication of their digital architectural doppelgängers.     

Fabrication of magnetic nanofibers via surface-initiated RAFT polymerization and coaxial electrospinning

A simple and continuous approach for fabricating magnetic polyacrylonitrile nanofibers (MNFs) with the diameter of about 200 nm has been developed by combining surface-initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and coaxial electrospinning. The RAFT polymerization of acrylonitrile was carried out on the surface of RAFT agent immobilized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. The room-temperature saturation magnetizations of the prepared MNFs can be easily adjusted. In addition, the aligned fibers can be conveniently obtained via magnetic electrospinning using a specially designed fiber collector.     

Effect of substituted groups on the living anionic polymerization of 2-vinylcarbazole derivatives

To study the effect of the substituents in the N-position of the carbazole on anionic polymerization, 2-vinylcarbazole derivatives of 9-butyl-2-vinylcarbazole (NBu2VCz), 9-phenyl-2-vinylcarbazole (NPh2VCz), and 9-(pyridin-2-yl)-2-vinylcarbazole (NPy2VCz) were synthesized. The anionic polymerization of NBu2VCz and NPh2VCz using s-BuLi was performed at −78 °C with a 100% yield, but the polymerization of NBu2VCz showed a broader molecular weight distribution (M_w/M_n = 1.23) than NPh2VCz (M_w/M_n = 1.11). The anionic polymerization of NPy2VCz using s-BuLi and DPM-K had a yield below 5%. In particular, the living anionic polymerization of NPh2VCz with s-BuLi/styrene ([s-BuLi/St]₀ = 0.33) shows a narrower M_w/M_n. The block copolymerization of NPh2VCz with styrene, α-methylstyrene (α-MeSt), and 2-vinylpyridine (2VP) was achieved successfully. The resulting block copolymers of PNPh2VCz-b-P2VP with f_PNPh2VCz = 17.7, 34.6, 48.1, 62.4, and 82.9 were synthesized for investigation of living characteristics.     

基于形状上下文的颜体字比较的研究

颜体在中国的书法界备受追崇,然而对颜体的研究多是停留在书法艺术及特点上。以形状上下文的方法对颜体字从度量的角度进行研究。用弯曲能量、仿射变换代价和形状上下文代价等三个指标来衡量颜体字的相似度。从两个角度进行比较研究。对两块《颜勤礼碑》上的"中"字进行比较研究,发现相似度很高。与汉鼎繁颜体比较,发现差别要比前一次的比较要大。通过横向与纵向的比较研究得出颜真卿所写的碑帖已经形成风格,而在电脑上所用的汉鼎繁颜体只有颜体的行笔特点。     

Living Technology废水处理技术简介

介绍了Living Technology废水处理技术。它是一种将植物和传统的活性污泥法结合起来的新技术,与传统活性污泥法相比较而言,在建造费用、美观、能量消耗等方面都优势明显。与人工湿地技术相比,则具有可控性强、处理效率高等优势。Living Technology的优点决定了其在我国农村污水、乡镇企业污水以及景观水回用方面有很好的应用前景。     

Understanding naming in distributed systems

Naming in distributed systems is modelled as a string translation problem. Viewing names as strings and name resolution mechanisms as syntax directed translators provides a formal handle on the loosely understood concepts associated with naming: we give precise definitions for such informal terminology as name spaces, addresses, routes, source-routing, and implicit-routing; we identify the properties of naming systems, including under what conditions they support unique names, relative names, absolute names, and synonyms; and we discuss how the basic elements of the model can be implemented by name servers.This work supported in part by National Science Foundation Grants MCS-8219178 and DCR-8609396     

以玉米为原料开发多菌种微生态制剂的研究

以玉米为基础原料,采用全酶法糖化工艺进行液化、糖化,然后接种适宜的乳酸菌进行发酵。发酵后的固形物通过真空冷冻干燥制得乳酸菌活菌制剂。本研究确定了最佳发酵工艺,促生长物质及冻干保护剂。